The liver is the central organ regulating the whole body's metabolism; therefore, liver diseases negatively impact all metabolic activities besides the immune system. Momordica charantia L. is one of the medicinal plants used in folk medicine to prevent or treat liver diseases. M. charantia contains compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; thus, it protects liver cells from free radical damage and reduces inflammation. In addition, phytochemicals of M. charantia can help to regulate blood sugar levels, thereby supporting metabolism and reducing fat accumulation in the liver. Previous studies indicate that M. charantia has the potential to enhance liver functionality while reducing the incidence of fatty liver disease. This study aimed to summarize the data from the in vivo studies investigating the hepatoprotective mechanisms of M. charantia L. in application doses as a future potential candidate for a dietary supplement. Due to insufficient evidence regarding its safety, the possibility of hepatotoxic effects should not be disregarded.